Both direct and indirect measurements are important for understanding the true scale of climate change. Learn how scientists use indirect evidence to study both modern and past climate change.
Resource Type: Information
Our climate depends on the whole Earth system. The Sun, land (geosphere), ocean (hydrosphere), ice (cryosphere), and living organisms (biosphere) interact with the atmosphere in the climate system.
Resource Type: Information
Students investigate how thermal expansion of seawater impacts sea level.
Resource Type: Activities
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Changes in Earth's climate have different effects in different areas of the world. Some places will warm much more than others, some regions will receive more rainfall, while others are exposed to more frequent droughts.
Resource Type: Information
Grey rain clouds, windy blue skies, cold snow, and sticky heat are very different conditions, yet they are all weather.
Resource Type: Information
It's no fluke that Matt Kelsch is a meteorologist. He was so interested in weather as a child that his fourth grade teacher actually wrote him special tests on the subject.
About the Real-Time Weather Exhibit